Is the long-term vision of the data platform that all enterprise data gets integrated into Snowflake which will become a central source of truth?

We want to bring it into a scalable platform without replicating everything. Even as we evolve, part of our vision is that not all data which is available is leveraged. The idea is to bring one consistent data model into Snowflake, and because everybody is used to similar descriptive reporting, even as we work on the AI and ML use cases, we are able to scale and leverage that platform. As we get more sophisticated, we will use Databricks more because it is advanced and can support R, Python and Scala. As we migrated to cloud, the first use cases were better served by leveraging Snowflake.

Basically, after deciding to use Snowflake three years ago, for ease of use and for maturity, there's been no reevaluation since then?

I would say there has been reevaluation but not a wholesale shift in direction. In a large enterprise, you can imagine there are hundreds of developers and data scientists and data engineers, and for them, one is their learning, and once they're proficient in one, they can always cross-train themselves. We, as a company, make the investment, but I think given the intensity of what we need to deliver across the markets, sometimes you try and manage what you already have and what you're trying to scale. There is also the whole business imperative of making sure that we're delivering on the commitments we've made to the business.

That makes a lot of sense. Within this environment, what's your overall level of optimism on Snowflake overall, over the long term in your environment?

I would say that for the foreseeable future, every company is going to leverage data and analytics as a competitive differentiator; I don't see that slowing down at all. You can slow everything else down, but you're not going to slow down your investment in data platforms. That's number one as a strategic macro point. Number two, the innovation in this space, this is ripe for disruption. You see how much advancement is happening on Databricks side, everybody is investing. So you'll see this, and Snowflake themselves are investing, but everybody is investing so you will continue to see innovation at a rapid pace. You have huge companies investing at the pace at which they are investing, Microsoft themselves, Google, even Snowflake, Databricks, all of these guys, and there will be new entrants. There are many other companies who are doing work in this area, so I just see that the data infrastructure will continue to grow, but there is always a threat.