Halma is a UK-listed serial acquirer of niche highly engineered industrial or medical products that dominate their respective small markets.The company was founded by David Barber who pioneered the model of rolling up and integrating industrial businesses that have strong market power and durable earnings. Barber’s philosophy, which still underpins Halma’s culture today, is best explained in this short speech.
Today, Halma is structured into three sectors with 50 operating companies: Safety, Medical, and Environmental and Analysis. Each sector has ~20%+ net margin and the group aims for 16% growth in profit before tax every year, half from organic growth and half driven by acquisitions. Halma aims to acquire 15-20 profitable, high quality companies each year and between 2003-13 the company paid on average ~8x EBIT.
The 20-year FCF CAGR is 15% and the 33-year dividend per share CAGR is 5%. This has led Halma to become one of the top performing UK businesses over the last 40 years.
Halma is a best-in-class serial acquirer for niche manufacturing businesses. In 1972, David Barber founded the company with a clear set of principles to grow by acquisition:
Since then, HLMA has compounded EBIT 15.3% and dividend per share ~4% for almost 50 years.
We recently interviewed the CEO of SDI Group, potentially a smaller version of HLMA, and this comment particularly stuck out:
Halma was the first business I looked at. Halma started exactly the same as us and the same as David did in the 1980s…They started getting bigger and bigger, buying bigger businesses. Then they started putting divisions and then managers and CEOs over the divisions. That is a structure that you do – I’m sure we will do it and David will do it – as you grow the businesses. What you don’t want to do is put a structure in place, at head office – which I’ve seen many times – where you say, now we’re going to buy the business; it kills it. These businesses run autonomously. - CEO of SDI Group
This organizational ‘structure’ that HLMA added in the 1980’s was pivotal to scale beyond owning ~25 companies. The bigger the revenue base, the harder it is for acquirers to grow inorganically.
Over the next 5 years, SDI and Judges Scientific will either need to acquire, merge and integrate more assets (Halma), acquire more smaller companies (CSU), or acquire bigger companies and run them better (DHR).
Today, SDI and JDG typically buy companies with £1-2m EBIT for a ~5x multiple. Post-acquisition, each business is treated as a standalone profit center.
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